Family Child Care in Crisis: Providers Discuss What Comes after Pandemic Funding Ends
On September 30, 2023, federal funding made available to child care providers during the pandemic will expire. In this blog, providers discuss the impact.
Contributors:
Shanita Bowen, COO, ECE on the Move, NYC
Danielle Caldwell, NC family child care provider for 30 years
Tania Cress, NC family child care provider for 15 years
Doris Irizarry, Co-Founder, ECE On the Move, NYC
Gladys Jones, Founder and CEO, On the Move, NYC
The US child care industry was in distress before the COVID-19 pandemic struck. Families either struggled to pay for or had no access to care, and providers were not able to attract or keep assistants because they couldn’t offer a livable wage and benefits.[1] Then the pandemic forced an estimated 20,000 child care centers to shut down. Federal stabilization grants helped support the remaining child care providers, but those funds are set to expire on September 30. As a result, an additional 70,000 child care centers are expected to close. Where will this leave the families, children, providers, workforce, and industry as a whole? The BUILD Initiative spoke to providers to get their thoughts on this dire situation.
How Much did the Stabilization Grants Help?
Caldwell: After being a home-based child care provider for 30 years, I recently closed my program. If those funds were going to continue, I would not have left the industry. If I were to have stayed in the industry, I would have needed to reduce my hours and increase my rate. With inflation, high rents, and food costs, it’s hard to stay in business with the low child care rates while I’m making poverty wages. Before, we could squeeze the eagle on a dollar and make it work. Now, there’s just no way.
Cress: Before the pandemic, things didn’t cost as much as they do now. I provide two meals a day and a snack for the children in my care. Pandemic funding paid for groceries, outdoor play equipment improvements, and my $15 per hour salary, which has gone right back into the business. With food prices having gone up and without the renewal of pandemic funding, I will have to raise my fee in January. But I can’t overwhelm my parents with a much higher fee because they can’t afford it, especially my one family that has three kids enrolled.
Irizarry: The pandemic funding has been a temporary bandaid. It helped most of us stay open, but I knew it wasn’t a long-term solution. Most people in New York City cannot afford their rent. My electric bill was $800 this month and I have a one-level, small house. You make less than that a month for a child in your care.
Bowen: There’s a misconception that the stabilization grant was enough. None of it ever reached even close to the cost of care. We still were not getting paid what we’re worth. It’s not even enough to pay yourself and an assistant. We can’t keep assistants because we can’t offer benefits; the industry is not attractive to them.
Foreboding Post-Pandemic Trends in Child Care
Bowen: With the federal dollars drying up, there’s even less money to pay assistants, yourself, and overhead. A lot of providers that are open pay their assistants but don’t pay themselves.
Irizarry: I’m in a child care desert. I used to have 10 providers near me, and we used to help each other. If I was full, I would send families to all these other providers. It’s going to get even worse because I’m retiring.
Jones: We have had fewer children because a lot of parents are staying home.
Bowen: We’ve always had to create strategies to survive depending on the situation of the moment. Now the new trend is downsizing because programs across the city can’t afford to pay assistants. What we don’t want as leaders in family child care is to see the industry downsize until we’re gone. That’s the fear.
Irizarry: Many of our previous providers have become home health aides, now taking care of adults instead of children.
Bowen: To survive, some of us are not paying our taxes or not paying Workers’ Comp or other things [we know we should do but can’t afford to].
Irizarry: A lot of people are going to open underground day cares. Families will pay them what they can, providers are going to get a whole bunch of kids, and bad things are going to happen. That’s very frightening.
Caldwell: Poor people have always been innovators who create something from nothing. But in this case, that might not be such a good thing: You’ll soon find a subset of providers offering care who have no understanding of child development, aren’t qualified, and don’t have the patience to do this work. And in 10 or 15 years, when the children show up in public school, we’re going to be trying to figure out what happened–and we’re going to be looking for someone to blame. But the truth will be that the families who chose that care had no other option.
Solutions
Bowen: Let’s have some point people who care about fixing the system so there aren’t so many grievances related to parents obtaining timely child care service. The grievances are being handled one by one instead of the overall systemic issues being addressed to ensure that the process in obtaining care is consistent.
Jones: We have joined forces with parents. We become their voices, helping them overcome language barriers to qualify for child care.
Caldwell: I suggest a mandated match of the CCDF grant. Another solution is to give tax breaks to home-based providers. A sole proprietor gets taxed twice – as an individual and as a business, sometimes up to 35 percent. A lot of providers end up making pennies by the time they pay their taxes. Maybe the collapse of the system is what we need. Maybe we can build it back better, for example, not use the market rate, which was a false construct anyway: If you bake a cake, whether in New York City or North Carolina, you need eggs, sugar, butter, and flour. But the market rate says, “You don’t need eggs if you’re in the mountains.” We all need the same things to build a healthy child!
Congress Must Act
Across states and political parties, residents of this country have said they want working families to have access to high-quality, affordable child care. As Heising-Simons Foundation Program Officer Rebecca E. Gomez noted in the LA Times, “This agenda is supported by the 93% of voters who believe it’s important for working parents to be able to find and afford quality child care for their youngest children.” Lawmakers, hear this plea. Avert the disaster that’s about to unfold for thousands of families and children. Enact federal policy that will stabilize the early care and education system.
[1] https://tcf.org/content/report/child-care-cliff/#:~:text=Before%20the%20pandemic%20unfolded%2C%20families,care%20and%20early%20learning%20system.
Contributors
Shanita Bowen is the COO of ECE On the Move, focusing on the systemic issues involved in offering and obtaining child care. She is known in New York City as a fierce advocate who has testified before The Standing Senate Committee on Child Care. Shanita is also a Public Voices Fellow with the OpEd Project in partnership with the National Black Child Development Institute, serves on the child care workgroup with Raising NY – Ed Trust, and Child Care NEXT Initiative, is a member of Lower Income Investments Fund’s National ECE Practitioners Advisory Committee, and is the co-chair of the Steering Committee for Empire State Campaign for Child Care, a committee representing ESCCC's membership of 80 child-centered organizations who working to address state-wide child care issues.
Danielle Caldwell is a home-based child care provider and the owner/director of The Children’s Room, LLC, in Durham, North Carolina. While she has done this work for 30 years, she now plans to close her program. Danielle is an advocate for early educators and is a member of HomeGrown’s National Policy Work Group and The National Domestic Workers Alliance. Throughout her career, Danielle has lent her leadership skills to local organizations such as Durham’s Children’s Initiative, Durham’s Partnership for Children, and The North Carolina Early Education Coalition. She has a B.S. in Human Development and Family Studies with a Birth-through-Kindergarten License from the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. In 2021, Danielle received The North Carolina Early Education Coalition’s Outstanding Early Education Advocate Award.
Tania Cress opened her doors as a family child care provider in 2008. For the last 15 years, she has worked to keep up with the many state requirements to be able to continue to serve children and their families. Previously, Tania worked at Sandhills Children’s Developmental Services Agency. She graduated in 2006 from Sandhills Community College with a degree in Early Childhood Education.
Doris Irizarry is the Co-Founder of ECE on the Move. She is a fearless and dedicated advocate for child care justice who works to ensure that all family child care providers have a voice in new policies that impact them. Doris has spent years creating relationships with providers and the families they serve to mobilize them to act to address the child care crisis in NYC. She is an active provider advocate within ECE On the Move and the Empire State Campaign for Child Care and is a member of the Lower Income Investments Fund’s National ECE Practitioners Advisory Committee.
Gladys Jones is the founder and CEO of ECE on the Move, a grassroots, provider-led organization of more than 600 early childhood educators working in residential settings throughout New York City. She focuses on parent engagement, documenting parents’ process of obtaining child care, and informing officials of the policy changes needed to ensure that care is obtained. Gladys is also an active leader of the Empire State Campaign for Child Care and The Child Care Next Initiative and is a member of Lower Income Investments Fund’s National ECE Practitioners Advisory Committee and the Universal Child Care Committee on the Governor’s Child Care Availability Task Force. She is a winner of the Family Values @Work GameChanger Award, the Hispanic Heritage Month Award, and the Grassroots Leadership Award from Alliance for Quality Education.
Explore More
Advocating for Early Intervention Our Passion, Our Future
Archived Webinar April 12, 2024
Parents, advocates, early interventionists, and their partners in four very different states will share their experiences to discuss how they formed new partnerships to strengthen Early Intervention and their struggles and solutions. Key themes including equitable access, adequate funding, workforce recruitment/retention, and family voice in decision-making will be highlighted.
Reducing Disparities for Latino Children and Families: A National Latino Infant Policy Agenda Provides Solutions
Blog April 10, 2024
BUILD believes that to effectively meet the needs of young children and their families, we must recognize existing disparities, including opportunity and achievement gaps. Therefore, we see the urgent need to support policy solutions to better serve Latino infants, toddlers, and families.
Operationalizing High-Quality Dual Language Programming: From the Early Years to the Early Grades
Report April 9, 2024
The aim of this brief, from Children's Equity Project and The Century Foundation, is to operationalize what high quality dual language immersion looks like for infants/toddlers, preschoolers, and students in Kindergarten through second grade. The brief provides an overview important context and core concepts foundational for this work, including a description of emergent bilinguals in the United States, a strength-based approaches to bilingualism, a historical account of bilingual education, and a description of how DLI education is part of a broader, equitable child serving system.